Italian Antarctic Data Center
Mount Melbourne
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Multidisciplinary dataset acquired within the fumarolic ice caves of Mt. Melbourne (Aurora/MC1, MC3, and MC4). Includes continuous gas concentrations (CO2, H2O, CH4, etc.), soil CO2 fluxes, and high-resolution air/soil temperatures (depths of 20 cm and 60 cm). Data is used to track indicators of volcanic unrest in polar environments.
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Continuous seismic monitoring data from Mt. Melbourne volcano (Victoria Land) are recorded for volcanic risk mitigation. The dataset includes raw continuous waveforms and processed products like Root Mean Squared (RMS) amplitude time series and seismic event counts. Seismic signals cover volcanic seismic signals, ice-quakes, and microseism background signals. Processed data is available for direct download via the provided dashboard links, whereas raw continuous seismic data can be obtained upon request to the point of contact/PIs.
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Victoria Land (Antarctica) shows a great abundance of seismic signals related to many different types of natural sources such as volcanoes, cryosphere dynamics and ocean-solid Earth interactions. Concerning the former, Melbourne and Rittmann are active volcanoes located in Victoria Land, relatively close to the Italian research station Mario Zucchelli. The main aim of the ICE-VOLC project (www.icevolc-project.com) is the assessment of the state of Melbourne and Rittmann, and the investigation of their dynamics by acquisition, analysis and integration of multiparametric geophysical, geochemical and thermal data. Complementary objectives of ICE-VOLC include investigation of the relationship between seismo-acoustic activity recorded in Antarctica and cryosphere-ocean-atmosphere dynamics, evaluation of the impact of volcanic gas in atmosphere, and finally dissemination of the project outcomes. The project involves three institutions: Università degli Studi di Catania, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia e Università degli Studi di Perugia. To achieve the project objectives, we collected seismic data by temporary broadband 3C stations in different sites of Victoria Land (located on Mt. Melbourne, Mt. Rittmann and Tethys Bay) during various Italian expeditions in Antarctica.
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During the I Italian Antarctic expedition (1985/86), 73 rocks have been sampled within the aim of the project "Volcanological research program" in northern Victoria Land. They include different volcanic rocks. The investigated regions are within Mount Melbourne SS 58-60/9 and Mount Murchison SS 58-60/5 USGS sheets.
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During the III Italian Antarctic expedition (1987/88), 33 rocks have been sampled within the aim of the project "Geomagnetism" in northern Victoria Land. They include intrusive, subvolcanic, volcanic and metamorphic rocks. The investigated regions are within Mount Melbourne SS 58-60/9 USGS sheet.
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During the XXVII Italian Antarctic expedition (2011/12), 143 rocks have been sampled within the aim of the project "Xenoliths and basic lavas for the knowledge of the C-O-H system in the lithospheric mantle of the polar regions" in northern Victoria Land. They include intrusive, subvolcanic, volcanic and metamorphic rocks. The investigated regions are within Cape Hallett SS 58-60/2, Coulman Island SS 58-60/6, Mount Melbourne SS 58-60/9 and Mount Murchison SS 58-60/5 USGS sheets.
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During the XXXIII and XXXIV Italian Antarctic expeditions (2017/18, 2018/19), 194 rocks have been sampled within the aim of the project "Dating of tectonic activity along the Transantarctic Mountains front" in northern and southern Victoria Land. They include intrusive, subvolcanic, volcanic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. The investigated regions are within Convoy Range ST 57-60/1, Franklin Island ST 57-60/2*, Mount Joyce SS 55-57/16, Mount Melbourne SS 58-60/9, Reeves Névé SS 55-57/12, Relief Inlet SS 58-60/13 and Ross Island ST 57-60/6* USGS sheets.
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During the XXX Italian Antarctic expedition (2014/15), 207 rocks have been sampled within the aim of the project "Neogene-Quaternary tectono-magmatic evolution of the Ross Sea region" in northern Victoria Land. They include intrusive, subvolcanic, volcanic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks and sediments. The investigated regions are within Cape Adare SR 59-60/13*, Cape Hallett SS 58-60/2, Coulman Island SS 58-60/6, Ebbe Glacier SR 57-58/16, Freyberg Mountains SS 58-60/1, Mount Melbourne SS 58-60/9 and Mount Murchison SS 58-60/5 USGS sheets.
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During the XX and XXI Italian Antarctic expeditions (2004/05, 2005/06), 605 rocks have been sampled within the aim of the project "Cenozoic magmatism in Victoria Land: a tracer of geodynamic processes and of global evolution of climate" in northern Victoria Land. They include intrusive, subvolcanic, volcanic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks and sediments. The investigated regions are within Cape Adare SR 59-60/13*, Cape Hallett SS 58-60/2, Coulman Island SS 58-60/6, Freyberg Mountains SS 58-60/1, Mount Melbourne SS 58-60/9 and Mount Murchison SS 58-60/5 USGS sheets.
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During the XXVI and XXVII Italian Antarctic expeditions (2010/11, 2011/12), 668 rocks have been sampled within the aim of the project "Geological continental markers of Cenozoic climate changes in Victoria Land, Antarctica" in northern Victoria Land. They include intrusive, subvolcanic, volcanic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. The investigated regions are within Cape Hallett SS 58-60/2, Coulman Island SS 58-60/6, Mount Joyce SS 55-57/16, Mount Melbourne SS 58-60/9, Mount Murchison SS 58-60/5 and Relief Inlet SS 58-60/13 USGS sheets.